The technological concept to harvest the thermal energy in the ocean is universally called ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a technology that dates back to the late 1800s and makes use of temperature differences between surface and deep ocean waters to drive a heat engine, and extract energy via the rankine cycle. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. Ocean thermal energy the otec resource covers an area exceeding 100 million km2 across tropical oceans. Yet the potential of the otec is very large, especially in countries whose land is crossed by the equator. Otc 21016 economics of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Examining the future of ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec projects have been around since the 1970s. Otec systems must be designed with regard to potential efficiency issues. Aug 21, 2015 ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. Pdf ocean thermal energy conversion otec ajer research. Us5582691a ocean thermal energy conversion otec system. Makais otec work is conducted at the ocean energy research center oerc, located within the natural energy lab of hawaii authority nelha in kailua kona, hawaii. Pdf encyclopedia of energy engineering and technology.
Ocean thermal energy conversion simple english wikipedia. The combined evaporatorcondenser further includes a plurality of evaporator spouts and a mist eliminator, wherein the pressure is maintained across the plurality of evaporator spouts. Nonconventional sources of energy are turning out to be extremely important sources of energy for mankind. Ocean thermal energy conversion, or otec, uses seawater to turn solar energy into electricity. Us55494a ocean thermal energy conversion otec system. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable energy. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a way of getting useful energy from the worlds oceans. The ocean thermal extractable energy visualization oteev project focuses on assessing the maximum practicably extractable energy mpee from the worlds ocean thermal resources. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion.
The governor of hawaii, david ige, flipped the switch to activate the plant. Otec provides a clean, reliable energy solution for many areas of the world. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec and the pacific islands. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that employs the natural temperature difference between the surface and the depths of the ocean. Navfac ocean thermal energy conversion otec project contract number n6258309c0083 cdrl a014 volume 4 of 4 ssopp configuration report and cdrl a021 volume 4 of 4 ssopp development plan for 2. Welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec demonstration facility. Ocean thermal energy conversion produces energy from temperature differences in ocean waters.
Apart from electricity, there are other useful byproducts from the otec process like fresh water, chilled water and nutrientrich water. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is considered as a promising resource of energy in the future. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a baseload renewable energy source that uses the temperature difference between the warm surface ocean water and the cold deep ocean water to generate electricity. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec environmental impacts the environmental impact studies from the 1980s concluded that the risks of otec would likely be acceptable, however. Pdf the ocean thermal energy conversion strategies and. The upper layer is warmed by the sun and mixed to depths of about 100 m by wave motion. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process or technology for producing energy by harnessing the temperature differences thermal gradients between ocean surface waters and deep ocean waters. Parsons august 1984 to be presented at the asme winter meeting new orleans, louisiana 9 14 december 1984 prepared under task no. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o north. Takahashi, university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hi, usa. Ocean power four activities us department of energy.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a field of science that is still less developed in the area of renewable energy sources for electricity utilization. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec has become a serious contender for development as an economic power generation system for the last decade of this century, since the cost of conventional fuels particularly oil rose during and from 1973. Thus we learn that this technology uses thermal gradients to generate electricity. Figure 4 miniotec off keabote point howatt courtesy of the lockheed missiles and space co. Although it may seem like an environmentalists fantasy, experts in oceanic energy contend that the technology to provide a truly infinite source of power to the united states already exists in the form of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Despite enthusiastic projections and promising prototypes, however, a lack of governmental support and the need for risky capital investment have. An improved ocean thermal energy conversion otec system which includes a novel combined evaporatorcondenser. Sumit thakur mechanical ocean thermal energy seminar and ppt with pdf report. Tt documents work done by the seri materials, systems analysis, and solar thermal conversion branches on task 3127. It relies on the oceans thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to the cold waters found at great depths. It relies on the ocean s thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to the cold waters found at great depths.
The heat engine can take the form of a closedcycle process fig. Ocean thermal energy corporation ote builds and operates clean hydrothermal energy plants worldwide using the proven technologies of ocean thermal energy conversion otec and seawaterlake water air conditioning swac. Ocean thermal energy conversion systems convert the energy available in the temperature gradient of the warm surface. Basics and information on ocean thermal energy conversion.
Apr 15, 2020 welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec demonstration facility. Ocean temperature differences, ocean thermal energy conversion, otec, renewable energy. At one point, we all have to make ppt of any topic and submit its report. While pilot scale plants mar 10, 2015 ocean thermal energy seminar and ppt with pdf report. Otc 21016 economics of ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process or technology for producing energy by harnessing the temperature differences thermal gradients between ocean surface waters and deep ocean. The potential impact of introduction ocean thermal energy. This report focuses on the development of an integrated model of a closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec power plant for the purpose of analyzing the relative effects of key design. One such source of energy is ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Pdf economics of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy otec ocean thermal energy also called as ocean thermal energy conversion otec refers to a method of using the temperature difference between the deep parts of the sea which are cold and the shallow parts of the sea which are cold to run a heat engine and produce useful work. Otec, ocean thermal energy conversion is an energy otech, ocean thermal energy technology that converts solar that converts conversion is an energy technology radiations to electricalto electric power. In order to produce power with the low temperature range, a working fluid with low boiling point is used.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, form of energy conversion that makes use of the temperature differential between the warm surface waters of the oceans, heated by solar radiation, and the deeper cold waters to generate power in a conventional heat engine. Otec systems use the oceans natural thermal gradient. The greater the temperature differential, the higher the efficiency of. Technical readiness of ocean thermal energy conversion. While pilot scale plants energy, a combination of technical and. Otec transfer function the relationship between the thermal resource and the electricity generated. Figure 4 mini otec off keabote point howatt courtesy of the lockheed missiles and space co. This situation justifies reevaluating otec for the production of electricity, desalinated water and energy intensive products. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec state of development such that under certain scenarios cost competitive baseload electricity could be produced, cf 0. Worldwide information indicates that although there are sufficient petroleum resources to meet demand for about 50 years, production is peaking and we will face a steadily diminishing petroleum supply. Navfac ocean thermal energy conversion otec project. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec environmental impacts.
Ocean thermal energy conversion technology brief 3 highlights. With global warming a certainty, it is imperative that we turn to nonpolluting and renewable sources of energy. Here youll find a collection of information on this historic project, as well as information on otec technology, news, and posts from facility staff. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable. Pdf experimental ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec wave energy conversion. Mpee is defined as being sustainable and technically feasible, given todays stateoftheart ocean energy. Encyclopedia of energy engineering and technology ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Plantship a ship designed to house an otec power plant. And getting a right seminar for submission is really a tough task. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, which uses the ocean s natural temperature gradient to drive a turbine connected to a generator which produces electricity. Between now and the 1990s there is a requirement to.
Otec december 1999 vega 1 ocean thermal energy conversion otec l. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a renewable energy technology which produces power using a heat engine driven by the temperature difference between warm surface ocean waters and cold deep ocean waters gritton et al. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses this phenomenon to generate electrical power through the temperature difference in the ocean bodies between the surface waters and deep waters. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec technology uses a turbine generator to create renewable energy from the temperature difference between cold, deep seawater circulating in the ocean and surface seawater warmed by the sun. Ocean thermal energy conversion an overview sciencedirect. Pichtr honolulu, hi abstract the vertical temperature distribution in the open ocean can be simplistically described as consisting of two layers separated by an interface. Pdf modeling of ocean thermal energy conversion otec.
Aug 06, 2017 ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a technology solution that directly addresses the key concerns of energy security, global warming, pollution and depletion of nonrenewable fossil resources. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion potential in developing member countries wave energy conversion wec and ocean thermal energy conversion otec are two potentially significant sources of renewable energy that are available to. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a technology solution that directly addresses the key concerns of energy security, global warming, pollution and depletion of nonrenewable fossil resources. It is one of the renewable energy resources that do not arise any indeed harmful impact on our environment. First introduced in 1881, otec has been described as an effective and renewable energy source. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a source of renewable energy wherein the temperature differential between deeper, colder water and warmer, shallow water is used to run a heat energy engine and produce electricity. Aug 24, 2009 1 august 24, 2009 ocean thermal energy conversion otec a new secure renewable energy source for defense and commercial applications. Since it is an ecofriendly resource, this does not mean that it is a purely clean resource. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec american journal of. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant to be connected to a u.
Process and technology status ocean thermal energy conversion otec technologies use the temperature dffierence between warm seawater at the surface of the ocean, and cold seawater at between 8001 000 metres m depth to produce electricity. Potentially of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy conversion ocean thermal energy conversionocean thermal energy conversion otec is a gamechanging technology that leverages the temperature read more. Ocean thermal energy conversion technology britannica. Opencycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec research. It is postulated that the us should begin to implement the first. Since it is an ecofriendly resource, this does not mean that it. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec environmental. The work accomplished to date on a project to evaluate the performance characteristics of anchor systems for proposed ocean thermal energy conversion power plants otec is summarized. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion works by using the temperature gradients found in large bodies of water, where the temperature of water found on the surface is significantly higher than the cold water found deeper down. An ocean thermal energy conversion power plant built by makai ocean engineering went operational in hawaii in august 2015.
Pdf this paper presents different roots of ocean thermal energy conversion otec strategies and challenges faced in terms of efficiency. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion potential in developing member countries wave energy conversion wec and ocean thermal energy conversion otec are two potentially significant sources of renewable energy that are available to help the asian development banks adb. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, which uses the oceans natural temperature gradient to drive a turbine connected to a generator which produces electricity. Technical readiness of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Caribbean and pacific ocean have otec resources within 10 kilometres km. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec harnesses the difference in temperature between the surface water about 25c and the water at depth about 5c at depths greater than m based on the principle of thermal exchange. Annual production kwh name plate kw x 8760 hours x cf. Paul rappaport for his encouragement during the initial stages of this work. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec generates electricity indirectly from solar energy by harnessing the temperature difference between the sunwarmed. Ocean thermal energy conversion technology brief 3 highlights process and technology status ocean thermal energy conversion otec technologies use the temperature dffierence between warm seawater at the surface of the ocean, and cold seawater at between 8001 000 metres m depth to produce electricity. Unlike most renewable energy conversion systems, otec could deliver power at very high capacity factors and offer baseload capabilities. Predictable and continuous, the energy produced in this way is particularly environment. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec. The otec system also generates fresh water as a primary product and generates only enough.
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