For example, the only correct way to express shaft alignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this. Coupling alignment and shaft alignment in power transmission, a coupling alignment is a device used to connect two or more machine shafts together for the purpose of transmitting power. In power transmission, a coupling alignment is a device used to connect two or more machine shafts together for the purpose of transmitting power. Coupling and shaft misalignment tolerances what is the difference. Accurate alignment is vital to the operating life of rotating equipment. Laser shaft alignment the shaft alignment process or procedure which is often also called coupling alignment, is a method frequently adopted by maintenance departments to ensure two or more rotating shafts are colinear. Couplings and shaft alignment provides positive practical guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and concerned with the related problem of shaft alignment. Couplings and shaft alignment neale consulting engineers. Oct 16, 20 balancing your couplings is not essential to a great precision shaft alignment, though it is an essential part of a job well done. It uses two dial indicators, one on each shaft, to measure the parallel and angular misalignment as shown in figure 21.
Couplings and shaft alignment by roger horell english. This one is used to cancel out misalignment and vibrations. The ultimate tool for teaching shaft alignment spectraquests shaft alignment trainer sat is the most comprehensive device on the market for shaft alignment training. References flexible and rigid couplings coupling and shaft misalignment toleranceswhat. Other coupling designs are available to accommodate some amount of angular misalignment or axial shaft movement and offset. All the major coupling manufacturers provide minimum alignment values and. Tip even if flexible couplings are used the alignment of the motor and the load should be regularly checked.
Number what is shaft alignment 6 a definition 6 machine catenary 7 operation above critical speed 8 expressing alignment 10 alignment parameters 10 angularity, gap and offset 11 short flexible couplings 14 spacer shafts 15 how precise should alignment be. This can lead to failure of other components or large amounts of vibration. The goal of the alignment process is to create a straight line through the coupling, as shown in figure 1. An improvised flexible coupling made of car tire pieces connects the drive shafts of an engine and a water pump. First published in 1991, this useful text has been revised and reprinted in a. Offset alignment or radial alignment is checked using a straight edge ruler. Shaft alignment handbook 3rd edition the 3rd edition of the shaft alignment handbook is the most comprehensive book ever written on the subject of aligning rotating machinery. There are two families of couplings rigid and flexible.
It is designed for studying a wide variety of problems that can arise when two shafts are misaligned. Several years ago, i read a book titled a millwrights guide to motorpump alignment by. Alignment and couplings 3 the reverse indicator method is another shaft alignment method. This single source reference offers a comprehensive analysis of coupled rotating machinery systems, providing practical guidelines for solving complex alignment tasks fast and accurately. Flexible couplings can accommodate some misalignment but should not be used as an excuse for poor alignment or lack of maintenance. Couplings and shaft alignment the need for a book such as this was identified by the institution of mechanical engineers, and its clear objective is to provide positive practice guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and. The first rule in precision shaft alignment is dont assume. Description couplings and shaft alignment provides positive practical guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and concerned with the related problem of shaft alignment. Couplings best suited for applications that allow radial, axial, and angular misalignment flexible couplings couplings that function by slipping, which allow. Rotating machinery is the heart of many industrial operations, but many engineers and technicians perform shaft alignment by guesswork or with limited knowledge of the tools and methods available to accurately and effectively align their machinery. Couplings and shaft alignment, revised edition control. Proper alignment is the largest factor in determining the life of bearings, seals and couplings. Angular misalignment an overview sciencedirect topics. For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this.
Coupling alignment fundamentals bearings, couplings, gear. The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment. The primary purpose of couplings is to join two pieces of. The intuitive and affordable laser shaft alignment system skf shaft alignment tool tksa 31 the tksa 31 is skf s most affordable solution for easy laser shaft alignment. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin. Shaft alignment is the process of aligning two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. Shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Another cause for so much trouble due to shaft misalignment is the method used for alignment. Couplings can also be selected to absorb shock loading between. Rigid couplings have no tolerance for misalignment, they should be aligned as accurately as possible. Couplings and shaft alignment michael neale, paul needham. Bearings, mechanical seals, packing, and couplings are all directly affected by the alignment of shaft center lines.
Basic shaft alignment workbook preface w elcome to the introductory book on. Press the ok button on the right hand key pad to enter the horizontal shaft alignment program. Because of the rubber mounts, the engine will not be in the same position when running as it is when stopped, when the alignment is made. In addition, a tcae coupling results in eliminating shaft runout on pump shaft due to coupling misalignment thereby resulting in better gland packing performance. Couplings and shaft alignment by roger horrell, paul.
Couplings and shaft alignment by roger horell english hardcover book free ship. Any gap between the shafts will indicate that the shaft is offset or misaligned slightly and it needs to be rectified. This text provides positive practical guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and concerned with the related problem of shaft alignment. All measurements are taken on the rim of the coupling hubs. An approach to coupling selection preliminary choice gear couplings. In practice, proper alignment is difficult to achieve without using alignment equipment such as dial indicators or laser alignment tools.
Machinery alignment tolerance tables impact engineering. How long will rotating machinery stay accurately aligned. Yes, the shaft coupling to transmission coupling needs to fit within several thousandths, but what were talking here is the coupling fit, not the shaft alignment. Couplings and shaft alignment the need for a book such as this was identified by the institution of mechanical engineers, and its clear objective is to provide positive practice guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and concerned with the related problem of shaft alignment. Coupling design factors in many variables, such as horsepower, load, specific gravity, head pressure, torque, shaft sizes, safety factors etc. Jul 18, 2005 couplings and shaft alignment provides positive practical guidance to engineers dealing with shaft couplings for the transmission of power, and concerned with the related problem of shaft alignment. Experience and coupling manufacturers maximum misalignment recommendations would suggest otherwise. Couplings and shaft alignment edition 1 by michael neale. Balancing your couplings is not essential to a great precision shaft alignment, though it is an essential part of a job well done. Shaft alignment industrial wiki odesie by tech transfer. We now have over 30 of the thompson alignment eliminator couplings tcae in various sizes operating that have shown excellent worth in reducing our maintenance time and cost that. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Proper shaft alignment is especially critical when the motor is operated at high speeds.
First published in 1991, this useful text has been revised and reprinted in a more readable, updated format. Buy couplings and shaft alignment book online at best prices in india on. It is a handson trainer for maintenance professionals. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaftalignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. Couplings and shaft alignment, revised edition wiley. Complements of pruftechnik, db there is a better way for spacer shafts, the corresponding table gives the maximum allowable offset for each 100 mm or inch of spacer shaft length. It is true that flexible couplings are designed to take misalignment. There are very few books about machinery alignment. Shaft misalignment is responsible for as much as 50 percent of all costs related to rotating machinery breakdowns. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Handson training systems for shaftcoupling alignment. Dec 01, 2002 shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Misalignment of flexible couplings can lead to excessive force on either the motor or the driven load. Couplings and shaft alignment by roger horrell, paul needham.
Almost all machinery manufacturers recommend that machines with flexible couplings be aligned as carefully and accurately as those with solid couplings. The ergonomic display unit with touch screen makes the instrument very easy to use and the builtin machine library helps storing alignment reports for multiple machines. Buy couplings and shaft alignment book online at low. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaft alignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. When a driver like an electric motor or a turbine is coupled to a pump, generator, or any other piece of equipment, it is essential that the shafts of the.
A beam coupling, also known as helical coupling, is a flexible coupling for transmitting torque between two shafts while allowing for angular misalignment, parallel offset and even axial motion, of one shaft relative to the other. This design utilizes a single piece of material and becomes flexible by removal of material along a spiral path resulting in a curved flexible beam of helical shape. A coupling is a device used to connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of transmitting power. Misalignment reasons for vibration due to couplingshaft. This is done by placing the ruler at various parts of the coupling halves, that is to say at the following sides. This single source reference offers a comprehensive analysis of coupled rotating machinery systems, providing practical guidelines for solving complex alignment tasks. Propeller thrust and engine torque will cause the engine to change position. Jun 12, 2010 skf shaft alignment tool tksa11 duration. When a driver like an electric motor or a turbine is coupled to a pump, generator, or any other piece of equipment, it is essential that the shafts of the two pieces are aligned. The 3rd edition of the shaft alignment handbook contains information on. Flexible couplings an overview sciencedirect topics. Basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin n1achincrv.
Examples are fans, blowers, shafts, couplings, large turbomachinery and others. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in. As part of your prealignment stepschecks, the keyways of the driver and driven machine shafts should be set 180 degrees apart from each other. The truth is that it is virtually impossible to correctly align engine and shaft with the methods that are commonly used. Shaft alignment handbook 3rd edition john piotrowski. Topics of discussion include foundations, baseplates, machine casings, and piping strain, flexible and rigid couplings, alignment and coupling tolerances, shaft alignment techniques and measuring tools, aligning vbelt drives, and aligning multiple element drive trains and right angle drives. Nov 19, 2015 as found shaft alignment results figure 1. Misalignment is the second most commoncause of machinery. Aug 05, 20 the ultimate tool for teaching shaft alignment spectraquests shaft alignment trainer sat is the most comprehensive device on the market for shaft alignment training. It is an absolute requirement for machinery before the machinery is put in service. All the major coupling manufacturers provide minimum alignment values and offset values for their particular product based on application. Proper alignment of couplings is necessary to ensure that stresses and forces are not induced to the coupling itself or to shafts and bearings.
557 742 1049 954 19 7 580 1238 999 542 130 1622 834 1140 472 429 403 665 1106 1018 661 446 1231 763 723 1594 1339 335 1036 1512 979 188 581 1326 1078 1394 608 532 1245 1427